Coal Quality Distribution Analysis Based on Gamma Ray Log and Gamma-Gamma Ray Log in Area X, East Kalimantan
Downloads
This study was conducted in East Kalimantan with the objectives of identifying lithology from geophysical well-logging data, analysing the continuity of coal seams, analysing the distribution of coal quality based on proximate parameters, analysing the relationship between the most dominant proximate parameters and calorific value, and determining the rank of the coal. The data used included gamma-ray and density logs, lithological data from drilling, and proximate analysis data. Lithological interpretation was performed by integrating log responses with drilling data, while seam continuity was analyzed through borehole correlation. The results indicate that the study area consists of soil, silt, sand, mudstone, siltstone, coal, carbonaceous material, coaly shale, and sandstone. Correlation analysis identified six coal seams: S1, S2, S3, S4A, S4B, and S5. Coal quality analysis shows that Seam S4A has the highest Total Moisture (18.72%), Inherent Moisture (13.31%), and Fixed Carbon (41.40%). Seam S3 contains the highest Ash content (15.47%), Seam S2 has the highest Volatile Matter (42.55%), and Seam S5 records the highest Total Sulfur (3.55%) and Calorific Value (5887 kcal/kg adb). Correlation analysis reveals that ash content is the most influential proximate parameter affecting calorific value, showing a negative relationship: increasing ash content decreases calorific value. Based on ASTM D388 classification, seam S5 is classified as high-volatile C bituminous coal, whereas seams S1, S2, S3, S4A, and S4B are classified as subbituminous A coal.
(ASTM), A. S. for T. and M. (1999). Standard Classification of Coals by Rank (D388-98a). In 1999 Annual Book of ASTM Standards: Petroleum Products, Lubricants, and Fossil Fuels, Section 5, Volume 05.05, Gaseous Fuels, Coal, and Coke. ASTM International.
Allen, G. P., & Chambers, J. L. C. (1998). Regional Geology and Stratigraphy of the Kutai Basin.
Amijaya, D. H., & Harijoko, A. (2019). Characteristics of coal from the Pulaubalang and Balikpapan formations in the Lower Kutai Basin, East Kalimantan. Jurnal Geosapta, 5(1), 57–66.
BPB, I. (1981). Coal Interpretation Manual: East Leake, England.
Fadhili, M. A., & Ansosry, A. (2019). Analysis of the Effect of Changes in Total Moisture, Content, and Total Sulfur on the Calorific ValueBukit Asam, Tbk., Tanjung Enim, South Sumatra. Bina Tambang, 4 (3), 54–64.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33019/mineral.v5i1.3053
Jamaluddin, J., & Rahmawati, D. (2024). Analysis of the Sedimentation Environment and Characteristics of Organic Material in the Air Putih Area, Samarinda City, Indonesia. Journal of Geosciences and Technology, 6(3), 203–214.
Khasanah, U., Supriyanto, S., & Djayus, D. (2019). Analysis of Gamma-RayDensityon Variations in Recording Speed Using the “Robertson Geologging LoggingGeosciences of the , 2(1).
Lai, J., Wang, G., Fan, Q., Pang, X., Li, H., Zhao, F., Li, Y., Zhao, X., Zhao, Y., & Huang, Y. (2022). Geophysical well-log evaluation in the era of unconventional hydrocarbon resources: A review of ’s current status and prospects. Surveys in Geophysics, 43(3), 913–957.
Lyanda, B., Subagiada, K., & Rinaldi, A. (2020). Interpretation of Drilling and Geophysical LogUsing the Lithocorrelation Method in the X Mining Area. GEOSAINS KUTAI BASIN, 3(1).
Nurlaili, J., & Wibowo, R. C. (2025). Determination of coal quality using proximate analysis and its comparison with calorific value in the Banko mining area, South Sumatra. Journal of Industrial Technology and Innovation (JTII), 6(1), 1–8.
Rahmayanti, N., Supriyanto, S., & Natalisanto, A. I. (2019). Interpretation of Coal Seam Distribution Using Geophysical Logging with the Kriging Approach at PT. X, East Kalimantan Province. Geosciences of , 2(2).
Sajid, M., Khan, N., Shah, F., KAshif, M., & Khan, S. (2022). Geochemical characteristics of coal seams within the Paleocene Patala Formation, Central Salt Range coal mines (Punjab), Northern Pakistan. Journal of Sedimentary Environments, 7 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s43217-022-00098-3
Salsabilla, H., Nurdrajat, Gani, R. M. G., & Irvan, M. H. (2022). Classification of the Mangus (a1) Seam in Padjajaran Geoscience Journal, 6(4), 987–993.
Satyana, A. H. (1999). Tectonic Controls on the Hydrocarbon Habitats of the Barito, Kutei, and Tarakan Basins, Eastern Kalimantan, Indonesia: Major Dissimilarities in Adjoining Basins. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 17 , 99–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0743-9547(98)00059-2
Sepfitrah, S. (2016). Proximate Analysis of the Quality of Coal from Mines in Riau (Case Studies of Logas, Selensen, and Pangkalan Lesung). JURNAL SAINSTEK, 4(1), 17.
Sukandarrumidi. (2006). Coal and Its Utilization. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Sukardi, N. S., Umar, I., & Sunaryo, R. (1995). Geological Map of the Sangata Sheet, Kalimantan. Center for Geological Research and Development, Bandung.
Sunarti, S., Supriyanto, S., & Djayus, D. (2020). Interpretation of Coal Seam Depth and Thickness Using the Well Loggingat PT Lamindo Inter Multikon’s Bunyu Site. Geosciences of , 3(2).
Widodo, S., & Anshariah, A. (2017). Proximate Analysis of Coal Quality in Tanah Grogot Subdistrict, Paser Regency, East Kalimantan Province. Jurnal Geomine, 5(2), 274057.
Yuwanto, S. H., Syah, A., & Bahar, H. (2024). Proximate analysis to determine the type and quality of coal in the Montallat area, Barito, Central Kalimantan. Proceedings of Senastitan: National Seminar on Sustainable Industrial Technology, 4.
