Dnazyme: From Biocatalysis to Intelligent Diagnosis and Therapy
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DNAzyme is a class of artificial catalysts composed of single-stranded DNA molecules that can accelerate specific chemical reactions like natural enzymes. Unlike traditional protein enzymes, DNAzymes are characterized by low cost and ease of design and modification, with their activity relying on specific structures formed by their own folding. In the field of biocatalysis, DNAzymes have been utilized to catalyze various reactions, such as phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, significantly improving the efficiency of industrial and laboratory reactions. Moreover, the combination of DNAzymes with biosensors makes them an ideal tool for the sensitive detection of biomarkers. In the realm of intelligent theranostics, DNAzymes have been developed for targeted therapies, drug release, and disease monitoring. By accurately recognizing and responding to pathological indicators, they provide new perspectives for personalized medicine and early diagnosis. The evolution of DNAzymes from "biocatalytic tools" to "core components of intelligent theranostics" offers innovative solutions at the molecular level for precision medicine.
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